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111 lines
3.6 KiB
PHP
111 lines
3.6 KiB
PHP
Accessing advanced EV3 features
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===============================
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MicroPython runs on top of `ev3dev`_, which is a specific version of Linux.
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Linux is an *operating system*. (Other popular operating
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systems are Microsoft Windows and Apple macOS.) This means that your EV3 is
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almost like a real computer, just much smaller.
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.. note::
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*If you just want to write MicroPython programs, you can skip the
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remaining sections.*
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The remaining sections are aimed at curious users who want go beyond
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MicroPython and access some of the other built-in features of Linux and
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ev3dev.
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The Linux command line
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-----------------------------------------
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Although your EV3 Brick is quite like a real computer, you do not interact with
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it using a big screen and a mouse. Instead, you can access files and programs
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on it using the *command line*. It is also called the *terminal*.
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Follow the steps in :numref:`fig_terminal` to access the command line. Now
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you can enter commands by typing them in and pressing enter.
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.. _fig_terminal:
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.. figure:: ../api/images/terminal_label.png
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:width: 100 %
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:alt: files
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:align: center
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Opening the Linux command line and running the ``ls`` command.
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**Running basic commands**
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For example, if you type the following command and press enter::
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ls
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then you will see the contents of the current folder. :numref:`fig_terminal`
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shows the result: it listed the project folder of the ``getting_started``
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project that we just ran.
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If you type the following command and press enter::
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exit
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then the command line will be closed. Alternatively, click the garbage icon
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shown in :numref:`fig_terminal`.
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You can copy text from the command line by selecting it and
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then pressing ``ctrl`` ``shift`` ``c``.
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You can paste text into the command line
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using ``ctrl`` ``shift`` ``v``.
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**Running commands as an administrator**
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Some commands require a password to run. This is similar to administrative
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tasks on your computer or tablet, such as installing a new app. These commands
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work like any other command, but you add ``sudo`` in front of
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them.
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As an exercise, you can run the following command to turn the EV3 Brick off::
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sudo poweroff
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You will be prompted for a password. Type ``maker`` and then press ``Enter``.
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.. warning::
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Only run commands with ``sudo`` if you know what you are doing.
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**Learning more about the command line**
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To learn more about the command line and many of the available commands, we
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recommend reading the beginner-friendly free ebook
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called `The Linux Command Line`_.
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To learn more about ev3dev-specific tips and tricks, visit the `ev3dev`_
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website.
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.. _hostname:
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Changing the EV3 Brick name
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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When you search for your EV3 using Visual Studio Code, you see all EV3 Bricks
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listed by their name. By default, all EV3 Bricks are named *ev3dev*. Follow
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these steps to change that name:
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1. Open Visual Studio Code and connect to your EV3 as usual.
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2. Read the steps above about running commands as an administrator.
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3. Think of a good name. In this example, we'll
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call it ``autonomous-vehicle2``
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4. Enter the following command and press enter::
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sudo hostnamectl set-hostname autonomous-vehicle2
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5. Reboot the EV3 Brick for the change to take effect.
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6. You may need to reboot your computer as well.
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EV3 Brick names should only contain lowercase letters ``a`` through ``z``,
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the digits ``0`` through ``9``, and the hyphen ``-``. It must start with a
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letter or digit. It cannot include spaces or other symbols.
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.. _ev3dev: https://www.ev3dev.org/
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.. _The Linux Command Line: http://linuxcommand.org/tlcl.php
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