diff --git a/src/toolbar/ActionButton.tsx b/src/toolbar/ActionButton.tsx
index 1d29396b..86a6fca9 100644
--- a/src/toolbar/ActionButton.tsx
+++ b/src/toolbar/ActionButton.tsx
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
 
 import {
     Button,
-    IRef,
     Intent,
     Spinner,
     SpinnerSize,
+    mergeRefs,
     useHotkeys,
 } from '@blueprintjs/core';
 import { Tooltip2 } from '@blueprintjs/popover2';
-import React, { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import React, { RefObject, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import { tooltipDelay } from '../app/constants';
 
 const smallScreenThreshold = 700;
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ export interface ActionButtonProps {
     readonly showProgress?: boolean;
     /** The progress value (0 to 1) or undefined for indeterminate progress. */
     readonly progress?: number;
+    /** Reference to the <button> HTML element. */
+    readonly elementRef?: RefObject<HTMLButtonElement>;
     /** Callback that is called when the button is activated (clicked). */
     readonly onAction: () => void;
 }
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ const ActionButton: React.VoidFunctionComponent<ActionButtonProps> = ({
     enabled,
     showProgress,
     progress,
+    elementRef,
     onAction,
 }) => {
     const [isSmallScreen, setIsSmallScreen] = useState(
@@ -93,7 +96,10 @@ const ActionButton: React.VoidFunctionComponent<ActionButtonProps> = ({
             }) => (
                 <Button
                     aria-label={label}
-                    elementRef={tooltipTargetRef as IRef<HTMLButtonElement>}
+                    elementRef={mergeRefs<HTMLButtonElement>(
+                        elementRef ?? null,
+                        tooltipTargetRef,
+                    )}
                     {...tooltipTargetProps}
                     // https://github.com/palantir/blueprint/pull/5300
                     aria-haspopup={undefined}
diff --git a/src/toolbar/OpenFileButton.tsx b/src/toolbar/OpenFileButton.tsx
index 4478a14b..3e729e4a 100644
--- a/src/toolbar/OpenFileButton.tsx
+++ b/src/toolbar/OpenFileButton.tsx
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 // Copyright (c) 2020-2022 The Pybricks Authors
 
-import { Button, IRef, Intent, Spinner, SpinnerSize } from '@blueprintjs/core';
+import { Button, Intent, Spinner, SpinnerSize, mergeRefs } from '@blueprintjs/core';
 import { Tooltip2 } from '@blueprintjs/popover2';
-import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import React, { RefObject, useEffect, useState } from 'react';
 import { useDropzone } from 'react-dropzone';
 import { tooltipDelay } from '../app/constants';
 
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ export interface OpenFileButtonProps {
     readonly showProgress?: boolean;
     /** The progress value (0 to 1) for the progress spinner. */
     readonly progress?: number;
+    /** Reference to the <button> HTML element. */
+    readonly elementRef?: RefObject<HTMLButtonElement>;
     /** Callback that is called when a file has been selected and opened for reading. */
     readonly onFile: (data: ArrayBuffer) => void;
     /** Callback that is called when a file has been rejected (e.g. bad file extension). */
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ const OpenFileButton: React.VoidFunctionComponent<OpenFileButtonProps> = ({
     enabled,
     showProgress,
     progress,
+    elementRef,
     onFile,
     onReject,
     onClick,
@@ -108,7 +111,10 @@ const OpenFileButton: React.VoidFunctionComponent<OpenFileButtonProps> = ({
                     {...getRootProps({
                         'aria-label': label,
                         refKey: 'elementRef',
-                        elementRef: tooltipTargetRef as IRef<HTMLButtonElement>,
+                        elementRef: mergeRefs<HTMLButtonElement>(
+                            elementRef ?? null,
+                            tooltipTargetRef,
+                        ),
                         ...tooltipTargetProps,
                         // https://github.com/palantir/blueprint/pull/5300
                         'aria-haspopup': undefined,
diff --git a/src/toolbar/Toolbar.tsx b/src/toolbar/Toolbar.tsx
index 62142692..4f868d93 100644
--- a/src/toolbar/Toolbar.tsx
+++ b/src/toolbar/Toolbar.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2020-2022 The Pybricks Authors
 
 import { ButtonGroup } from '@blueprintjs/core';
-import React from 'react';
+import React, { useRef } from 'react';
+import UtilsToolbar from '../utils/Toolbar';
+import { useRovingTabIndex } from '../utils/react';
 import BluetoothButton from './buttons/bluetooth/BluetoothButton';
 import FlashButton from './buttons/flash/FlashButton';
 import ReplButton from './buttons/repl/ReplButton';
@@ -11,19 +13,33 @@ import StopButton from './buttons/stop/StopButton';
 
 import './toolbar.scss';
 
-const Toolbar: React.VFC = (_props) => {
+const Toolbar: React.VFC = () => {
+    const flashButtonRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
+    const bluetoothButtonRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
+    const runButtonRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
+    const stopButtonRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
+    const replButtonRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
+
+    const moveFocus = useRovingTabIndex(
+        flashButtonRef,
+        bluetoothButtonRef,
+        runButtonRef,
+        stopButtonRef,
+        replButtonRef,
+    );
+
     return (
-        <div role="toolbar" className="pb-toolbar">
+        <UtilsToolbar className="pb-toolbar" onKeyboard={moveFocus}>
             <ButtonGroup className="pb-toolbar-group pb-align-left">
-                <FlashButton />
-                <BluetoothButton />
+                <FlashButton elementRef={flashButtonRef} />
+                <BluetoothButton elementRef={bluetoothButtonRef} />
             </ButtonGroup>
             <ButtonGroup className="pb-toolbar-group pb-align-left">
-                <RunButton />
-                <StopButton />
-                <ReplButton />
+                <RunButton elementRef={runButtonRef} />
+                <StopButton elementRef={stopButtonRef} />
+                <ReplButton elementRef={replButtonRef} />
             </ButtonGroup>
-        </div>
+        </UtilsToolbar>
     );
 };
 
diff --git a/src/toolbar/buttons/bluetooth/BluetoothButton.tsx b/src/toolbar/buttons/bluetooth/BluetoothButton.tsx
index 2b3b9130..5c36e76c 100644
--- a/src/toolbar/buttons/bluetooth/BluetoothButton.tsx
+++ b/src/toolbar/buttons/bluetooth/BluetoothButton.tsx
@@ -8,12 +8,16 @@ import { toggleBluetooth } from '../../../ble/actions';
 import { BleConnectionState } from '../../../ble/reducers';
 import { BootloaderConnectionState } from '../../../lwp3-bootloader/reducers';
 import { useSelector } from '../../../reducers';
-import ActionButton from '../../ActionButton';
+import ActionButton, { ActionButtonProps } from '../../ActionButton';
 import connectedIcon from './connected.svg';
 import disconnectedIcon from './disconnected.svg';
 import { I18nId } from './i18n';
 
-const BluetoothButton: React.VFC = () => {
+type BluetoothButtonProps = Pick<ActionButtonProps, 'elementRef'>;
+
+const BluetoothButton: React.VoidFunctionComponent<BluetoothButtonProps> = ({
+    elementRef,
+}) => {
     const bootloaderConnection = useSelector((s) => s.bootloader.connection);
     const bleConnection = useSelector((s) => s.ble.connection);
 
@@ -34,6 +38,7 @@ const BluetoothButton: React.VFC = () => {
             icon={isDisconnected ? disconnectedIcon : connectedIcon}
             enabled={isDisconnected || bleConnection === BleConnectionState.Connected}
             showProgress={bleConnection === BleConnectionState.Connecting}
+            elementRef={elementRef}
             onAction={() => dispatch(toggleBluetooth())}
         />
     );
diff --git a/src/toolbar/buttons/flash/FlashButton.tsx b/src/toolbar/buttons/flash/FlashButton.tsx
index 72bba485..b6a3916e 100644
--- a/src/toolbar/buttons/flash/FlashButton.tsx
+++ b/src/toolbar/buttons/flash/FlashButton.tsx
@@ -13,11 +13,13 @@ import {
     useSettingFlashCurrentProgram,
     useSettingHubName,
 } from '../../../settings/hooks';
-import OpenFileButton from '../../../toolbar/OpenFileButton';
+import OpenFileButton, { OpenFileButtonProps } from '../../../toolbar/OpenFileButton';
 import { I18nId } from './i18n';
 import icon from './icon.svg';
 
-const FlashButton: React.VFC = () => {
+type FlashButtonProps = Pick<OpenFileButtonProps, 'elementRef'>;
+
+const FlashButton: React.VoidFunctionComponent<FlashButtonProps> = ({ elementRef }) => {
     const bootloaderConnection = useSelector((s) => s.bootloader.connection);
     const bleConnection = useSelector((s) => s.ble.connection);
     const flashing = useSelector((s) => s.firmware.flashing);
@@ -47,6 +49,7 @@ const FlashButton: React.VFC = () => {
             }
             showProgress={flashing}
             progress={progress === null ? undefined : progress}
+            elementRef={elementRef}
             onFile={(data) =>
                 dispatch(
                     flashFirmware(data, isSettingFlashCurrentProgramEnabled, hubName),
diff --git a/src/toolbar/buttons/repl/ReplButton.tsx b/src/toolbar/buttons/repl/ReplButton.tsx
index 4d667d3a..d4006461 100644
--- a/src/toolbar/buttons/repl/ReplButton.tsx
+++ b/src/toolbar/buttons/repl/ReplButton.tsx
@@ -7,11 +7,13 @@ import { useDispatch } from 'react-redux';
 import { repl } from '../../../hub/actions';
 import { HubRuntimeState } from '../../../hub/reducers';
 import { useSelector } from '../../../reducers';
-import ActionButton from '../../ActionButton';
+import ActionButton, { ActionButtonProps } from '../../ActionButton';
 import { I18nId } from './i18n';
 import icon from './icon.svg';
 
-const ReplButton: React.VFC = () => {
+type ReplButtonProps = Pick<ActionButtonProps, 'elementRef'>;
+
+const ReplButton: React.VoidFunctionComponent<ReplButtonProps> = ({ elementRef }) => {
     // istanbul ignore next: babel-loader rewrites this line
     const [i18n] = useI18n();
     const dispatch = useDispatch();
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ const ReplButton: React.VFC = () => {
             tooltip={i18n.translate(I18nId.Tooltip)}
             icon={icon}
             enabled={enabled}
+            elementRef={elementRef}
             onAction={action}
         />
     );
diff --git a/src/toolbar/buttons/run/RunButton.tsx b/src/toolbar/buttons/run/RunButton.tsx
index f0d11c6f..ec43fb3a 100644
--- a/src/toolbar/buttons/run/RunButton.tsx
+++ b/src/toolbar/buttons/run/RunButton.tsx
@@ -7,11 +7,13 @@ import { useDispatch } from 'react-redux';
 import { downloadAndRun } from '../../../hub/actions';
 import { HubRuntimeState } from '../../../hub/reducers';
 import { useSelector } from '../../../reducers';
-import ActionButton from '../../ActionButton';
+import ActionButton, { ActionButtonProps } from '../../ActionButton';
 import { I18nId } from './i18n';
 import icon from './icon.svg';
 
-const RunButton: React.VFC = () => {
+type RunButtonProps = Pick<ActionButtonProps, 'elementRef'>;
+
+const RunButton: React.VoidFunctionComponent<RunButtonProps> = ({ elementRef }) => {
     const downloadProgress = useSelector((s) => s.hub.downloadProgress);
     const runtime = useSelector((s) => s.hub.runtime);
     const isEditorReady = useSelector((s) => s.editor.isReady);
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@ const RunButton: React.VFC = () => {
             enabled={isEditorReady && runtime === HubRuntimeState.Idle}
             showProgress={runtime === HubRuntimeState.Loading}
             progress={downloadProgress === null ? undefined : downloadProgress}
+            elementRef={elementRef}
             onAction={() => dispatch(downloadAndRun())}
         />
     );
diff --git a/src/toolbar/buttons/stop/StopButton.tsx b/src/toolbar/buttons/stop/StopButton.tsx
index e430f6a0..4ba1d898 100644
--- a/src/toolbar/buttons/stop/StopButton.tsx
+++ b/src/toolbar/buttons/stop/StopButton.tsx
@@ -7,11 +7,13 @@ import { useDispatch } from 'react-redux';
 import { stop } from '../../../hub/actions';
 import { HubRuntimeState } from '../../../hub/reducers';
 import { useSelector } from '../../../reducers';
-import ActionButton from '../../ActionButton';
+import ActionButton, { ActionButtonProps } from '../../ActionButton';
 import { I18nId } from './i18n';
 import icon from './icon.svg';
 
-const StopButton: React.VFC = () => {
+type StopButtonProps = Pick<ActionButtonProps, 'elementRef'>;
+
+const StopButton: React.VoidFunctionComponent<StopButtonProps> = ({ elementRef }) => {
     const runtime = useSelector((s) => s.hub.runtime);
     const keyboardShortcut = 'F6';
 
@@ -26,6 +28,7 @@ const StopButton: React.VFC = () => {
             tooltip={i18n.translate(I18nId.Tooltip, { key: keyboardShortcut })}
             icon={icon}
             enabled={runtime === HubRuntimeState.Running}
+            elementRef={elementRef}
             onAction={() => dispatch(stop())}
         />
     );