all: ruff check --fix.

Mainly fixes and sorts imports.

doc/common/extensions/awaitable.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ return types. This extension:
   call these functions.
 """
 
-from typing import Sequence
+from collections.abc import Sequence
 
 from docutils import nodes
 from sphinx.addnodes import desc_sig_keyword

doc/common/extensions/blockimg.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-from docutils.parsers.rst import Directive
-from docutils import nodes
 from pathlib import Path
 
+from docutils import nodes
+from docutils.parsers.rst import Directive
+
 SPHINX_IMAGE_PATH = "blockimg"
 
 

doc/common/extensions/classlink.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class PybricksClasslinkDirective(Directive):
         link = name if len(self.arguments) == 1 else self.arguments[1]
 
         html = (
-            '<a href="{0}.html">'.format(link.lower())
+            f'<a href="{link.lower()}.html">'
             + '<dl class="py class">'
             + "<dt>"
             + '<em class="property">class </em>'

doc/common/extensions/color.py

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
+from colorsys import hsv_to_rgb
+
 from docutils import nodes
 from docutils.parsers.rst import Directive
+
 from pybricks.parameters import Color
-from colorsys import hsv_to_rgb
 
 
 class PybricksColorDirective(Directive):
@@ -18,19 +20,17 @@ class PybricksColorDirective(Directive):
         r, g, b = hsv_to_rgb(color.h / 360, color.s / 100, color.v / 100)
 
         # Convert RGB to HEX
-        rgbhex = "#{0:02x}{1:02x}{2:02x}".format(
-            round(r * 255), round(g * 255), round(b * 255)
-        )
+        rgbhex = f"#{round(r * 255):02x}{round(g * 255):02x}{round(b * 255):02x}"
 
         # Render a small block of the given color
-        css = "background-color: {0}; color: {0}; width: 50px;".format(rgbhex)
+        css = f"background-color: {rgbhex}; color: {rgbhex}; width: 50px;"
 
         if name == "WHITE":
             css += (
                 "border-style: solid; border-width: 0.5px;" + "border-color: #666666;"
             )
 
-        html = '<div id="test" style="{0}">_</div>'.format(css)
+        html = f'<div id="test" style="{css}">_</div>'
 
         # Return the node
         node = nodes.raw("", html, format="html")

doc/common/extensions/requirements-static.py

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-from os import path, makedirs
+from os import makedirs, path
 
 from docutils import nodes
 from docutils.parsers.rst import Directive
-
 from sphinx.util.osutil import copyfile
 
 # Base feature set.
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ class PybricksRequirementsStaticDirective(Directive):
             makedirs(destdir)
 
         for hub in HUB_FEATURES:
-            uri = "compat_{0}.png".format(hub)
+            uri = f"compat_{hub}.png"
             src_uri = path.join(env.app.builder.srcdir, "diagrams", uri)
             build_uri = path.join(env.app.builder.outdir, "_images", uri)
             copyfile(src_uri, build_uri)
@@ -103,17 +102,17 @@ class PybricksRequirementsStaticDirective(Directive):
         )
 
         # Generate full table.
-        html = """
+        html = f"""
         <div class="wy-table-responsive">
             <table class="docutils align-default requirements-table">
                 <tbody>
                     <tr>
-                        {0}
+                        {compat_row}
                     </tr>
                 </tbody>
             </table>
         </div>
-        """.format(compat_row)
+        """
 
         # Return the node.
         node = nodes.raw("", html, format="html")

doc/common/extensions/requirements.py

@@ -22,12 +22,12 @@
 
 
 import os
-from docutils.parsers.rst import Directive, directives
-from docutils import nodes
-from docutils.statemachine import StringList
-from sphinx.util.osutil import copyfile
-from sphinx.util import logging
 
+from docutils import nodes
+from docutils.parsers.rst import Directive, directives
+from docutils.statemachine import StringList
+from sphinx.util import logging
+from sphinx.util.osutil import copyfile
 
 CSS_FILE = "requirements.css"
 JS_FILE = "requirements.js"

doc/main/conf.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 #
 # Pybricks documentation build configuration file
 #

examples/ev3/bluetooth_pc/pybricks/bluetooth.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ remain a strict subset of that implementation when it comes to low-level
 implementation details.
 """
 
-from socket import socket, AF_BLUETOOTH, BTPROTO_RFCOMM, SOCK_STREAM
+from socket import AF_BLUETOOTH, BTPROTO_RFCOMM, SOCK_STREAM, socket
 from socketserver import ThreadingMixIn
 
 

examples/ev3/bluetooth_pc/pybricks/messaging.py

@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
 # Copyright (C) 2020,2023 The Pybricks Authors
 
 from errno import ECONNRESET
-from struct import pack, unpack
 from socket import BDADDR_ANY
 from socketserver import StreamRequestHandler
+from struct import pack, unpack
 from threading import Lock
 
-from .bluetooth import ThreadingRFCOMMServer, ThreadingRFCOMMClient
+from .bluetooth import ThreadingRFCOMMClient, ThreadingRFCOMMServer
 
 
 def resolve(brick):
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class TextMailbox(Mailbox):
     """
 
     def encode(self, value):
-        return ("{}\0".format(value)).encode("utf-8")
+        return (f"{value}\0").encode()
 
     def decode(self, payload):
         return payload.decode().strip("\0")
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ class MailboxHandlerMixIn:
         mbox_len = len(mbox) + 1
         payload_len = len(payload)
         send_len = 7 + mbox_len + payload_len
-        fmt = "<HHBBB{}sH{}s".format(mbox_len, payload_len)
+        fmt = f"<HHBBB{mbox_len}sH{payload_len}s"
         data = pack(
             fmt,
             send_len,
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ class MailboxHandlerMixIn:
                     addr = resolve(brick)
                     self._addresses[brick] = addr
                 if addr is None:
-                    raise ValueError('no paired devices matching "{}"'.format(brick))
+                    raise ValueError(f'no paired devices matching "{brick}"')
                 self._clients[addr].send(data)
 
     def wait_for_mailbox_update(self, mbox):
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ class BluetoothMailboxClient(MailboxHandlerMixIn):
         """
         addr = resolve(brick)
         if addr is None:
-            raise ValueError('no paired devices matching "{}"'.format(brick))
+            raise ValueError(f'no paired devices matching "{brick}"')
         client = MailboxRFCOMMClient(self, addr)
         if self._clients.setdefault(addr, client) is not client:
             raise ValueError("connection with this address already exists")

examples/ev3/bluetooth_read_spike/connection.py

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-from uctypes import addressof, sizeof, struct
-from usocket import socket, SOCK_STREAM
-
 from _thread import start_new_thread
 
-from pybricks.bluetooth import str2ba, sockaddr_rc, AF_BLUETOOTH, BTPROTO_RFCOMM
-from pybricks.tools import wait, StopWatch
+from pybricks.bluetooth import AF_BLUETOOTH, BTPROTO_RFCOMM, sockaddr_rc, str2ba
+from uctypes import addressof, sizeof, struct
+from usocket import SOCK_STREAM, socket
+
+from pybricks.tools import StopWatch, wait
 
 
 def get_bluetooth_rfcomm_socket(address, channel):
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class SpikePrimeStreamReader:
             if self.values() is not None:
                 return
             wait(100)
-        raise IOError("No data received")
+        raise OSError("No data received")
 
     def disconnect(self):
         self.sock.close()

examples/ev3/bluetooth_read_spike/main.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
+from connection import SpikePrimeStreamReader
+
 from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
-from connection import SpikePrimeStreamReader
-
 # Beep!
 ev3 = EV3Brick()
 ev3.speaker.beep()

examples/ev3/bluetooth_read_spike/rover.py

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
-from pybricks.tools import wait
-from pybricks.ev3devices import Motor
-from pybricks.robotics import DriveBase
-from pybricks.parameters import Port
-
 from connection import SpikePrimeStreamReader
 
+from pybricks.ev3devices import Motor
+from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
+from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.robotics import DriveBase
+from pybricks.tools import wait
+
 # Beep!
 ev3 = EV3Brick()
 ev3.speaker.beep()

examples/ev3/buttons/main.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
-from pybricks.tools import wait
 from pybricks.parameters import Button
+from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the EV3
 ev3 = EV3Brick()

examples/ev3/buttons_quickstart/main.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
+from menu import wait_for_button
+
 from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
 from pybricks.parameters import Button
 
-from menu import wait_for_button
-
 # Initialize the EV3.
 ev3 = EV3Brick()
 

examples/ev3/getting_started/main.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
 from pybricks.ev3devices import Motor
+from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
 
 # Create your objects here

examples/ev3/light_color/main.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
-from pybricks.tools import wait
 from pybricks.parameters import Color
+from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the EV3
 ev3 = EV3Brick()

examples/ev3/ps4/main.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
+import struct
+
 from pybricks.ev3devices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
 
-import struct
-
 # This program uses the two PS4 sticks to control two EV3 Large Servo Motors
 # using tank like controls. For a full map of all PS4 buttons, trackpad, and
 # motion checkout: https://github.com/codeadamca/python-connect-ps4

examples/ev3/rcx_touch/main.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
 from pybricks.iodevices import AnalogSensor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Color
+from pybricks.parameters import Color, Port
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 

examples/ev3/screen_draw/main.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
-
 # Initialize the EV3
 ev3 = EV3Brick()
 

examples/ev3/screen_extra/main.py

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import math
 
+from pybricks.media.ev3dev import Font, Image
+
 from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
 from pybricks.parameters import Color
 from pybricks.tools import wait
-from pybricks.media.ev3dev import Font, Image
-
 
 # Initialize the EV3
 ev3 = EV3Brick()
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ for t in range(200):
 
     # Print every 10th value on right side
     if t % 10 == 0:
-        right.print("{:10.2f}{:10.2f}".format(x1, y1))
+        right.print(f"{x1:10.2f}{y1:10.2f}")
 
     wait(100)
 

examples/ev3/screen_image/main.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+from pybricks.media.ev3dev import Image, ImageFile
+
 from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
 from pybricks.tools import wait
-from pybricks.media.ev3dev import Image, ImageFile
 
 # It takes some time to load images from the SD card, so it is best to load
 # them once at the beginning of a program like this:

examples/ev3/screen_print/main.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+from pybricks.media.ev3dev import Font
+
 from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
 from pybricks.tools import wait
-from pybricks.media.ev3dev import Font
 
 # It takes some time for fonts to load from file, so it is best to only
 # load them once at the beginning of the program like this:

examples/ev3/speaker_basics/main.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
-from pybricks.tools import wait
 from pybricks.media.ev3dev import SoundFile
 
+from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
+from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the EV3
 ev3 = EV3Brick()

examples/ev3/uart_basics/main.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
+from pybricks.media.ev3dev import SoundFile
+
 from pybricks.hubs import EV3Brick
 from pybricks.iodevices import UARTDevice
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
-from pybricks.media.ev3dev import SoundFile
 
 # Initialize the EV3
 ev3 = EV3Brick()

examples/ev3/vernier_surface_temperature/main.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-from pybricks.parameters import Port
-from pybricks.nxtdevices import VernierAdapter
-
 from math import log
 
+from pybricks.nxtdevices import VernierAdapter
+from pybricks.parameters import Port
+
 
 # Conversion formula for Surface Temperature Sensor
 def convert_raw_to_temperature(voltage):

examples/micropython/keyboard_interrupt.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the motor.

examples/micropython/memstat.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from micropython import const, opt_level, mem_info, qstr_info, stack_use
+from micropython import const, mem_info, opt_level, qstr_info, stack_use
 
 # Get stack at start.
 stack_start = stack_use()

examples/micropython/oserror.py

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
-
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from uerrno import ENODEV
 
 try:

examples/pup/ble_radio/ble_broadcast.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port
-from pybricks.tools import wait
 from pybricks.messaging import BLERadio
+from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
+from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the hub.
 radio = BLERadio(broadcast_channel=1)

examples/pup/ble_radio/ble_observe.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port
-from pybricks.tools import wait
 from pybricks.messaging import BLERadio
+from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
+from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the hub.
 radio = BLERadio(observe_channels=[1])

examples/pup/hub_common/button_single.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # ThisHub = MoveHub CityHub TechnicHub EssentialHub
 from pybricks.hubs import ThisHub
-from pybricks.parameters import Color, Button
-from pybricks.tools import wait, StopWatch
+from pybricks.parameters import Button, Color
+from pybricks.tools import StopWatch, wait
 
 # Initialize the hub.
 hub = ThisHub()

examples/pup/hub_common/imu_read_scalar.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # ThisHub = TechnicHub PrimeHub EssentialHub
 from pybricks.hubs import ThisHub
-from pybricks.tools import wait
 from pybricks.parameters import Axis
+from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the hub.
 hub = ThisHub()

examples/pup/hub_common/imu_tilt_blast.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # ThisHub = TechnicHub PrimeHub EssentialHub
 from pybricks.hubs import ThisHub
-from pybricks.tools import wait
 from pybricks.parameters import Axis
+from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the hub. In this case, specify that the hub is mounted with the
 # top side facing forward and the front side facing to the right.

examples/pup/hub_common/light_animate.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 from pybricks.hubs import ThisHub
 from pybricks.parameters import Color
 from pybricks.tools import wait
-from umath import sin, pi
+from umath import pi, sin
 
 # Initialize the hub.
 hub = ThisHub()

examples/pup/hub_common/make_examples.py

@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@ for file_path in file_paths:
             # Open destination script:
             with open(gen_path, "w") as dest_file:
                 # Read script line by line.
-                for line in template.readlines():
+                for line in template:
                     # Replace hub name if present.
                     dest_file.writelines(line.replace("ThisHub", hub))

examples/pup/hub_primehub/display_expression.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 from pybricks.hubs import PrimeHub
 from pybricks.parameters import Icon, Side
 from pybricks.tools import wait
-
 from urandom import randint
 
 # Initialize the hub.

examples/pup/hub_primehub/display_image.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from pybricks.hubs import PrimeHub
-from pybricks.tools import wait
 from pybricks.parameters import Icon
+from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the hub.
 hub = PrimeHub()

examples/pup/hub_primehub/display_matrix.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from pybricks.hubs import PrimeHub
-from pybricks.tools import wait, Matrix
+from pybricks.tools import Matrix, wait
 
 # Initialize the hub.
 hub = PrimeHub()

examples/pup/hub_primehub/display_orientation.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from pybricks.hubs import PrimeHub
-from pybricks.tools import wait
 from pybricks.parameters import Side
+from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the hub.
 hub = PrimeHub()

examples/pup/light/basics.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Light
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Light
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the light.

examples/pup/light/math.py

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Light
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
-from pybricks.tools import wait, StopWatch
-
-from umath import pi, cos
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Light
+from pybricks.tools import StopWatch, wait
+from umath import cos, pi
 
 # Initialize the light and a StopWatch.
 light = Light(Port.A)

examples/pup/motor/motor_absolute.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor on port A.

examples/pup/motor/motor_action_basic.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor on port A.

examples/pup/motor/motor_action_then.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port, Stop
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor on port A.

examples/pup/motor/motor_action_wait.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 
 # Initialize motors on port A and B.
 track_motor = Motor(Port.A)

examples/pup/motor/motor_action_wait_advanced.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize motors on port A and B.

examples/pup/motor/motor_init_basic.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor on port A.

examples/pup/motor/motor_init_direction.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from pybricks.parameters import Direction, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Direction
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor on port A with the positive direction as counterclockwise.

examples/pup/motor/motor_init_gears.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from pybricks.parameters import Direction, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Direction
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor on port A with the positive direction as counterclockwise.

examples/pup/motor/motor_init_multiple.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize motors on port A and B.

examples/pup/motor/motor_measure.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor on port A.

examples/pup/motor/motor_reset_angle.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 
 # Initialize a motor on port A.
 example_motor = Motor(Port.A)

examples/pup/motor/motor_stop.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor on port A.

examples/pup/motor/motor_until_stalled.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 
 # Initialize a motor on port A.
 example_motor = Motor(Port.A)

examples/pup/motor/motor_until_stalled_center.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor on port A.

examples/pup/motor_dc/motor_dc_battery_box.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import DCMotor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import DCMotor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the motor.

examples/pup/motor_dc/motor_dc_init_basic.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import DCMotor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import DCMotor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor without rotation sensors on port A.

examples/pup/motor_dc/motor_dc_init_direction.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from pybricks.parameters import Direction, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import DCMotor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Direction
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor without rotation sensors on port A,

examples/pup/motor_dc/motor_dc_stop.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import DCMotor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import DCMotor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize a motor without rotation sensors on port A.

examples/pup/motor_pf/motor_pf_basics.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from pybricks.parameters import Color, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorDistanceSensor, PFMotor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Color
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/motor_pf/motor_pf_pwm.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from pybricks.parameters import Color, Direction, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorDistanceSensor, PFMotor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Color, Direction
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/remote/basics.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Remote
 from pybricks.parameters import Button
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Remote
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Connect to the remote.

examples/pup/remote/set_color.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Remote
 from pybricks.parameters import Button, Color
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Remote
 
 
 def button_to_color(buttons):

examples/pup/remote/set_color_basic.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Remote
 from pybricks.parameters import Color
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Remote
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Connect to the remote.

examples/pup/robotics/car_remote.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from pybricks.parameters import Direction, Port, Button
+from pybricks.parameters import Button, Direction, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor, Remote
 from pybricks.robotics import Car
 from pybricks.tools import wait

examples/pup/robotics/drivebase_async.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.parameters import Direction, Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
 from pybricks.robotics import DriveBase
 from pybricks.tools import multitask, run_task
 

examples/pup/robotics/drivebase_basics.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from pybricks.parameters import Direction, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import Motor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Direction
 from pybricks.robotics import DriveBase
 
 # Initialize both motors. In this example, the motor on the

examples/pup/sensor_color/color_ambient.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorSensor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_color/color_print.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorSensor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_color/detectable_colors.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from pybricks.parameters import Color, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorSensor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Color
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_color/hsv.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorSensor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_color/lights_blink.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorSensor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_color/wait_for_color.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from pybricks.parameters import Color, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorSensor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Color
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_color_distance/color_print.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorDistanceSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorDistanceSensor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_color_distance/detectable_colors.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from pybricks.parameters import Color, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorDistanceSensor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Color
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_color_distance/distance_blink.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from pybricks.parameters import Color, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorDistanceSensor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Color
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_color_distance/hsv.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorDistanceSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorDistanceSensor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_color_distance/wait_for_color.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+from pybricks.parameters import Color, Port
 from pybricks.pupdevices import ColorDistanceSensor
-from pybricks.parameters import Port, Color
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_force/basics.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import ForceSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import ForceSensor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_force/peak.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import ForceSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import ForceSensor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ def wait_for_force():
         force = button.force()
 
         # Update the maximum if the measured force is larger.
-        if force > maximum:
-            maximum = force
+        maximum = max(maximum, force)
 
         # Wait and then measure again.
         wait(10)
@@ -42,4 +41,4 @@ def wait_for_force():
 # the peak force and repeat.
 while True:
     peak = wait_for_force()
-    print("Released. Peak force: {0} N\n".format(peak))
+    print(f"Released. Peak force: {peak} N\n")

examples/pup/sensor_infrared/basics.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import InfraredSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import InfraredSensor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_tilt/basics.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import TiltSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import TiltSensor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_ultrasonic/basics.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import UltrasonicSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
+from pybricks.pupdevices import UltrasonicSensor
 from pybricks.tools import wait
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

examples/pup/sensor_ultrasonic/math.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-from pybricks.pupdevices import UltrasonicSensor
 from pybricks.parameters import Port
-from pybricks.tools import wait, StopWatch
-
+from pybricks.pupdevices import UltrasonicSensor
+from pybricks.tools import StopWatch, wait
 from umath import pi, sin
 
 # Initialize the sensor.

src/pybricks/hubs.py

@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from . import _common
-from .parameters import Axis, Button as _Button, Image as _Image
+from .parameters import Axis
+from .parameters import Button as _Button
+from .parameters import Image as _Image
 
 
 class EV3Brick:
@@ -132,7 +134,6 @@ class EssentialHub:
             front_side (Axis): The axis that passes through the *front side* of
                 the hub.
         """
-        pass
 
 
 class PrimeHub:

src/pybricks/messaging.py

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class BLERadio:
     ) -> MaybeAwaitable: ...
 
     @overload
-    def broadcast(self, data: bool | int | float | str | bytes) -> MaybeAwaitable: ...
+    def broadcast(self, data: bool | float | str | bytes) -> MaybeAwaitable: ...
 
     def broadcast(self, data: object) -> MaybeAwaitable:
         """broadcast(data)

src/pybricks/parameters.py

@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@ import os
 from enum import Enum
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, overload
 
-from .tools import Matrix as _Matrix, vector as _vector
+from .tools import Matrix as _Matrix
+from .tools import vector as _vector
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from typing import Any, Literal, Optional, Union
+    from typing import Any, Literal
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING or os.environ.get("SPHINX_BUILD") == "True":
     Number = int | float
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ class _PybricksEnum(Enum, metaclass=_PybricksEnumMeta):
             yield member.name
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "{}.{}".format(type(self).__name__, self.name)
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}.{self.name}"
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return str(self)
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ class Color:
         return iter((self.h, self.s, self.v))
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "Color(h={}, s={}, v={})".format(self.h, self.s, self.v)
+        return f"Color(h={self.h}, s={self.s}, v={self.v})"
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Color) -> bool:
         return self.h == other.h and self.s == other.s and self.v == other.v
@@ -577,7 +578,7 @@ class Image:
     # is generated.
 
     @overload
-    def __init__(self, /, source: Union[Image, ImageFile]): ...
+    def __init__(self, /, source: Image | ImageFile): ...
 
     @overload
     def __init__(
@@ -698,8 +699,8 @@ class Image:
         self,
         x: int,
         y: int,
-        source: Union[Image, ImageFile],
-        transparent: Optional[Color] = None,
+        source: Image | ImageFile,
+        transparent: Color | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         """draw_image(x, y, source, transparent=None)
 
@@ -717,7 +718,7 @@ class Image:
                 no transparency.
         """
 
-    def load_image(self, source: Union[Image, ImageFile]) -> None:
+    def load_image(self, source: Image | ImageFile) -> None:
         """load_image(source)
 
         Clears this image, then draws the ``source`` image centered in
@@ -734,7 +735,7 @@ class Image:
         y: int,
         text: str,
         text_color: Color = Color.BLACK,
-        background_color: Optional[Color] = None,
+        background_color: Color | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         """draw_text(x, y, text, text_color=Color.BLACK, background_color=None)
 

src/pybricks/pupdevices.py

@@ -566,7 +566,6 @@ class ColorLightMatrix:
             port (Port): Port to which the device is connected.
 
         """
-        ...
 
     def on(self, color: Color | Collection[Color]) -> MaybeAwaitable:
         """on(colors)
@@ -579,14 +578,12 @@ class ColorLightMatrix:
                 to that color. If a list of colors is given, then each light is
                 set to that color.
         """
-        ...
 
     def off(self) -> MaybeAwaitable:
         """off()
 
         Turns all lights off.
         """
-        ...
 
 
 class InfraredSensor:

src/pybricks/tools.py

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class Matrix:
         """
 
     @property
-    def T(self) -> Matrix:  # noqa: N802
+    def T(self) -> Matrix:
         """Returns a new :class:`.Matrix` that is the transpose of the
         original."""
 

src/ubuiltins/__init__.py

@@ -19,17 +19,13 @@ The following functions and exceptions can be used without importing anything.
 Most functions and classes in this module do not accept keyword arguments.
 """
 
+import builtins
+from collections.abc import Callable, Hashable, Iterable, Iterator, Mapping, Sequence
 from typing import (
     Any,
-    Callable,
     Dict,
-    Hashable,
-    Iterable,
-    Iterator,
     List,
     Literal,
-    Mapping,
-    Sequence,
     SupportsComplex,
     SupportsFloat,
     SupportsInt,
@@ -39,10 +35,11 @@ from typing import (
     overload,
 )
 
+from typing_extensions import Self
+
 import uio
 import usys
 
-
 # These get overridden later on, but we still want to use the originals
 # for the purpose of typing the doc strings.
 _bool = bool
@@ -146,7 +143,7 @@ class bool:
 
     def __init__(self, *args) -> None:
         """
-        bool(​)
+        bool(\u200b)
         bool(x)
 
         Creates a boolean value, which is either ``True`` or ``False``.
@@ -170,7 +167,7 @@ class bytes:
     def __init__(self, source: _int) -> None: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __init__(self, source: Union[_bytes, _bytearray, Iterable[_int]]) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, source: _bytes | _bytearray | Iterable[_int]) -> None: ...
 
     @overload
     def __init__(self, source: _str, encoding: _str) -> None: ...
@@ -210,7 +207,7 @@ class bytearray:
 
     @overload
     def __init__(
-        self, source: Union[_bytes, _bytearray, _str, Iterable[_int]]
+        self, source: _bytes | _bytearray | _str | Iterable[_int]
     ) -> None: ...
 
     def __init__(self, *args):
@@ -278,14 +275,14 @@ class complex:
 
     @overload
     def __init__(
-        self, real: Union[_float, SupportsFloat, _complex, SupportsComplex]
+        self, real: _float | SupportsFloat | _complex | SupportsComplex
     ) -> None: ...
 
     @overload
     def __init__(
         self,
-        real: Union[_float, SupportsFloat, _complex, SupportsComplex],
-        imag: Union[_float, SupportsFloat, _complex, SupportsComplex],
+        real: _float | SupportsFloat | _complex | SupportsComplex,
+        imag: _float | SupportsFloat | _complex | SupportsComplex,
     ) -> None: ...
 
     @overload
@@ -335,14 +332,14 @@ class dict:
 
 
 @overload
-def dir() -> List[_str]: ...
+def dir() -> list[_str]: ...
 
 
 @overload
-def dir(object: Any) -> List[_str]: ...
+def dir(object: Any) -> list[_str]: ...
 
 
-def dir(*args) -> List[_str]:
+def dir(*args) -> list[_str]:
     """
     dir() -> List[str]
     dir(object) -> List[str]
@@ -361,11 +358,11 @@ def dir(*args) -> List[_str]:
 
 
 @overload
-def divmod(a: _int, b: _int) -> Tuple[_int, _int]: ...
+def divmod(a: _int, b: _int) -> tuple[_int, _int]: ...
 
 
 @overload
-def divmod(a: _float, b: _float) -> Tuple[_float, _float]: ...
+def divmod(a: _float, b: _float) -> tuple[_float, _float]: ...
 
 
 def divmod(a, b):
@@ -524,7 +521,7 @@ def getattr(*args):
     """
 
 
-def globals() -> Dict[_str, Any]:
+def globals() -> builtins.dict[_str, Any]:
     """
     globals() -> dict
 
@@ -652,7 +649,7 @@ class int:
     def __init__(self, x: _str, base: _int) -> None: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __init__(self, x: Union[_int, SupportsInt]) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, x: _int | SupportsInt) -> None: ...
 
     def __init__(self, *args) -> None:
         """int(x=0)
@@ -696,7 +693,7 @@ class int:
         """
 
 
-def isinstance(object: Any, classinfo: Union[_type, Tuple[_type]]) -> _bool:
+def isinstance(object: Any, classinfo: _type | tuple[_type]) -> _bool:
     """
     isinstance(object, classinfo) -> bool
 
@@ -712,7 +709,7 @@ def isinstance(object: Any, classinfo: Union[_type, Tuple[_type]]) -> _bool:
     """
 
 
-def issubclass(cls: _type, classinfo: Union[_type, Tuple[_type]]) -> _bool:
+def issubclass(cls: _type, classinfo: _type | tuple[_type]) -> _bool:
     """
     issubclass(cls, classinfo) -> bool
 
@@ -727,7 +724,7 @@ def issubclass(cls: _type, classinfo: Union[_type, Tuple[_type]]) -> _bool:
     """
 
 
-def iter(object: Union[Iterable, Sequence]) -> Iterator:
+def iter(object: Iterable | Sequence) -> Iterator:
     """
     iter(object) -> Iterator
 
@@ -764,7 +761,7 @@ class list:
 
     def __init__(self, *args) -> None:
         """
-        list(​)
+        list(\u200b)
         list(iterable)
 
         Creates a new list. If no argument is given, this creates an empty
@@ -908,7 +905,7 @@ def ord(c: _str) -> _int:
     """
 
 
-def pow(base: Union[_int, _float], exp: Union[_int, _float]) -> Union[_int, _float]:
+def pow(base: _int | _float, exp: _int | _float) -> _int | _float:
     """
     pow(base, exp) -> Number
 
@@ -1066,7 +1063,7 @@ class set:
             iterable: An iterable of hashable objects.
         """
 
-    def copy(self: _Self) -> _Self:
+    def copy(self) -> Self:
         """
         copy() -> set
 
@@ -1076,7 +1073,7 @@ class set:
             A new set.
         """
 
-    def difference(self: _Self, *others: set) -> _Self:
+    def difference(self, *others: set) -> Self:
         """
         difference(other1, other2, ...) -> set
 
@@ -1093,7 +1090,7 @@ class set:
             A new set.
         """
 
-    def intersection(self: _Self, *others: set) -> _Self:
+    def intersection(self, *others: set) -> Self:
         """
         intersection(other1, other2, ...) -> set
 
@@ -1163,7 +1160,7 @@ class set:
             ``True`` if this set is a superset of *other*, otherwise ``False``.
         """
 
-    def symmetric_difference(self: _Self, other: set) -> _Self:
+    def symmetric_difference(self, other: set) -> Self:
         """
         symmetric_difference(other) -> bool
 
@@ -1180,7 +1177,7 @@ class set:
             A new set.
         """
 
-    def union(self: _Self, *others: set) -> _Self:
+    def union(self, *others: set) -> Self:
         """
         union(other1, other2, ...) -> set
 
@@ -1215,13 +1212,13 @@ class set:
 
     def __ne__(self, other: set) -> bool: ...
 
-    def __sub__(self: _Self, other: set) -> _Self: ...
+    def __sub__(self, other: set) -> Self: ...
 
-    def __and__(self: _Self, other: set) -> _Self: ...
+    def __and__(self, other: set) -> Self: ...
 
-    def __or__(self: _Self, other: set) -> _Self: ...
+    def __or__(self, other: set) -> Self: ...
 
-    def __xor__(self: _Self, other: set) -> _Self: ...
+    def __xor__(self, other: set) -> Self: ...
 
 
 def setattr(object: Any, name: _str, value: Any) -> None:
@@ -1251,7 +1248,7 @@ class slice:
 
     def __init__(self, *args) -> None:
         """
-        slice(​)
+        slice(\u200b)
 
         Creating instances of this class is not supported.
 
@@ -1260,7 +1257,7 @@ class slice:
         """
 
 
-def sorted(iterable: Iterable, key=None, reverse=False) -> List:
+def sorted(iterable: Iterable, key=None, reverse=False) -> builtins.list:
     """
     Sorts objects.
 
@@ -1296,7 +1293,7 @@ class str:
 
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         """
-        str(​)
+        str(\u200b)
         str(object)
         str(object, encoding)
 
@@ -1372,7 +1369,7 @@ class tuple:
 
     def __init__(self, *args) -> None:
         """
-        tuple(​)
+        tuple(\u200b)
         tuple(iterable)
 
         Creates a new tuple. If no argument is given, this creates an empty
@@ -1398,7 +1395,7 @@ class type:
         """
 
 
-def zip(*iterables: Iterable) -> Iterable[Tuple]:
+def zip(*iterables: Iterable) -> Iterable[builtins.tuple]:
     """
     zip(iter_a, iter_b, ...) -> Iterable[Tuple]
 
@@ -1446,7 +1443,7 @@ class BaseException:
     use :class:`Exception`).
     """
 
-    args: Tuple
+    args: builtins.tuple
     """
     The tuple of arguments given to the exception constructor.
     """

src/uerrno/__init__.py

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ The operation timed out.
 # TODO: ev3dev has additional constants
 # https://github.com/pybricks/pybricks-micropython/blob/11f19bc9c24fde66aa8ad42233a345e6683f5beb/bricks/ev3dev/mpconfigport.h#L156-L203
 
-errorcode: Dict[int, str]
+errorcode: dict[int, str]
 """
 Dictionary that maps numeric error codes to strings with symbolic error code.
 """

src/uio/__init__.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ This module contains ``stream`` objects that behave like files.
 
 # TODO: open() is not implemented on Powered Up hubs
 
-from typing import overload, Union
+from typing import Union, overload
 
 # TODO: MicroPython streams implement '__enter__', '__exit__', 'close', 'read',
 # 'readinto', 'readline', 'write', 'flush', 'seek', 'tell'
@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@ class BytesIO:
     def __init__(self) -> None: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __init__(self, data: Union[bytes, bytearray]) -> None: ...
+    def __init__(self, data: bytes | bytearray) -> None: ...
 
     @overload
     def __init__(self, alloc_size: int) -> None: ...
 
     def __init__(self, *args) -> None:
         """
-        BytesIO(​)
+        BytesIO(\u200b)
         BytesIO(data)
         BytesIO(alloc_size)
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class StringIO:
 
     def __init__(self, *args) -> None:
         """
-        StringIO(​)
+        StringIO(\u200b)
         StringIO(string)
         StringIO(alloc_size)
 

src/ujson/__init__.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Convert between Python objects and the JSON data format.
 from typing import IO, Any, Tuple
 
 
-def dump(object: Any, stream: IO, separators: Tuple[str, str] = (", ", ": ")):
+def dump(object: Any, stream: IO, separators: tuple[str, str] = (", ", ": ")):
     """
     dump(object, stream, separators=(", ", ": "))
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def dump(object: Any, stream: IO, separators: Tuple[str, str] = (", ", ": ")):
     """
 
 
-def dumps(object: Any, separators: Tuple[str, str] = (", ", ": ")) -> str:
+def dumps(object: Any, separators: tuple[str, str] = (", ", ": ")) -> str:
     """
     dumps(object, separators=(", ", ": "))
 

src/umath/__init__.py

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ Math functions.
 
 from typing import Tuple as Tuple
 
-
 e = 2.718282
 """The mathematical constant e."""
 
@@ -264,7 +263,7 @@ def fabs(x: float) -> float:
     """
 
 
-def modf(x: float) -> Tuple[float, float]:
+def modf(x: float) -> tuple[float, float]:
     """modf(x) -> Tuple[float, float]
 
     Gets the fractional and integral parts of ``x``, both with the same sign
@@ -280,7 +279,7 @@ def modf(x: float) -> Tuple[float, float]:
     """
 
 
-def frexp(x: float) -> Tuple[float, int]:
+def frexp(x: float) -> tuple[float, int]:
     """frexp(x) -> Tuple[float, float]
 
     Decomposes a value ``x`` into a

src/urandom/__init__.py

@@ -13,10 +13,11 @@ All functions in this module should be used with positional arguments. Keyword
 arguments are not supported.
 """
 
-from typing import Any, Optional, Sequence, overload
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from typing import Any, Optional, overload
 
 
-def seed(a: Optional[int] = None) -> None:
+def seed(a: int | None = None) -> None:
     """
     seed(value=None)
 

src/uselect/__init__.py

@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
 This module provides functions to efficiently wait for events on multiple streams.
 """
 
-from typing import IO, Iterator, List, Tuple, overload
+from collections.abc import Iterator
+from typing import IO, List, Tuple, overload
 
 POLLIN: int
 """
@@ -78,12 +79,12 @@ class Poll:
         """
 
     @overload
-    def poll(self) -> List[Tuple[IO, int]]: ...
+    def poll(self) -> list[tuple[IO, int]]: ...
 
     @overload
-    def poll(self, timeout: int) -> List[Tuple[IO, int]]: ...
+    def poll(self, timeout: int) -> list[tuple[IO, int]]: ...
 
-    def poll(self, timeout: int = -1, /) -> List[Tuple[IO, int]]:
+    def poll(self, timeout: int = -1, /) -> list[tuple[IO, int]]:
         """
         poll(timeout=-1) -> List[Tuple[FileIO, int]]
 
@@ -103,15 +104,15 @@ class Poll:
         """
 
     @overload
-    def ipoll(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[IO, int]]: ...
+    def ipoll(self) -> Iterator[tuple[IO, int]]: ...
 
     @overload
-    def ipoll(self, timeout: int) -> Iterator[Tuple[IO, int]]: ...
+    def ipoll(self, timeout: int) -> Iterator[tuple[IO, int]]: ...
 
     @overload
-    def ipoll(self, timeout: int, flags: int) -> Iterator[Tuple[IO, int]]: ...
+    def ipoll(self, timeout: int, flags: int) -> Iterator[tuple[IO, int]]: ...
 
-    def ipoll(self, timeout: int = -1, flags: int = 0, /) -> Iterator[Tuple[IO, int]]:
+    def ipoll(self, timeout: int = -1, flags: int = 0, /) -> Iterator[tuple[IO, int]]:
         """
         ipoll(timeout=-1, flags=1) -> Iterator[Tuple[FileIO, int]]
 

src/ustruct/__init__.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ This module provides functions to convert between Python values and C-like
 data structs.
 """
 
-from typing import Union, Tuple
+from typing import Tuple, Union
 
 
 def calcsize(format: str) -> int:
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def pack_into(format: str, buffer: bytearray, offset: int, *values) -> bytes:
     """
 
 
-def unpack(format: str, data: Union[bytes, bytearray]) -> Tuple:
+def unpack(format: str, data: bytes | bytearray) -> tuple:
     """
     unpack(format, data) -> Tuple
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ def unpack(format: str, data: Union[bytes, bytearray]) -> Tuple:
     """
 
 
-def unpack_from(format: str, data: Union[bytes, bytearray], offset: int) -> Tuple:
+def unpack_from(format: str, data: bytes | bytearray, offset: int) -> tuple:
     """
     unpack_from(format, data, offset) -> Tuple
 

src/usys/__init__.py

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ stderr: _FileIO = _FileIO()
 Alias for :data:`stdout`.
 """
 
-implementation: Tuple[str, Tuple[int, int, int], str, int] = (
+implementation: tuple[str, tuple[int, int, int], str, int] = (
     "micropython",
     (1, 19, 1),
     "NAME Hub with PROCESSOR",
@@ -49,5 +49,5 @@ Python compatibility version, Pybricks version, and build date.
 See format and example below.
 """
 
-version_info: Tuple[int, int, int] = (3, 4, 0)
+version_info: tuple[int, int, int] = (3, 4, 0)
 """Python compatibility version. See format and example below."""